Issue 11 , June 2016

Challenges in combustion for Aerospace Propulsion
 

Challenges in combustion for Aerospace Propulsion

Given that combustion involves fuels in which chemical energy is very dense and is able to deliver a very high power/volume ratio, this mode of energy conversion, despite its negative aspects, will remain unavoidable for aerospace propulsion in the long term. One of its negative aspects relates to the conversion into kinetic energy of the heat released by combustion, which yields a thermodynamical efficiency that is necessarily much less than one. The improvement of this efficiency is achieved by increasing the pressure and temperature, which leads to increasingly tougher operating conditions in combustion chambers. Other issues are combustion instabilities, which compromise safety, load comfort and engine lifespan, as well as CO2 and miscellaneous pollutant emissions, combustion noise and ignition or re-ignition during flight. In order to tackle all of these points it is necessary to fully understand the interaction between the many complex physical phenomena involved in combustion systems: turbulence, chemical kinetics, multiphase flow behavior, heat and species diffusion, heat transfer to the walls, radiative transfer and acoustics. This difficult task requires vigorous research activity to be incessantly pursued. This issue of AerospaceLab is aimed at giving the reader an idea of the large field of research in that domain, including works ranging from experimental combustion to physical modelling and numerical simulation of combustion. It is also aimed at convincing the reader that these works are complementary with each other.

CONTENTS

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Research Activity to Tackle the Challenges in Combustion for Aerospace Propulsion

Francis Dupoirieux (ONERA)

ONERA test Facilities for Combustion in Aero Gas Turbine Engines, and Associated Optical Diagnostics

A. Cochet, V. Bodoc, C. Brossard, O. Dessornes, C. Guin, R. Lecourt, M. Orain, A. Vincent-Randonnier (ONERA)

Coria Aeronautical Combustion Facilities and Associated Optical Diagnostics

F. Grisch, A. Boukhalfa, G. Cabot, B. Renou, A. Vandel (CORIA-UMR 6614- Normandie Université, CNRS-Université et INSA de Rouen)

Numerical Simulation of Reactive Flows in Ramjet Type Combustors and Associated Validation Experiments

T. Le Pichon, A. Laverdant

Research on Supersonic Combustion and Scramjet Combustors at ONERA

D. Scherrer, O. Dessornes, M. Ferrier, A. Vincent-Randonnier, V. Sabel'nikov (ONERA)
Y. Moule (MBDA France)

Modeling Challenges in Computing Aeronautical Combustion Chambers

B. Fiorina, A. Vié, B. Franzelli, N. Darabiha (Laboratoire EM2C, CNRS, Centrale-Supélec, Université Paris-Saclay)
M. Massot (Laboratoire EM2C, CNRS, Centrale-Supélec, Université Paris-Saclay, ONERA)
G. Dayma, P. Dagaut (ICARE, CNRS, Université d'Orléans)
V. Moureau, L. Vervisch, A. Berlemont (CORIA-UMR 6614-Normandie
Université, CNRS-Université, INSA de Rouen)
V. Sabelnikov (ONERA)
E. Riber, B. Cuenot (CERFACS)

Advanced Simulation of Aeronautical Combustors

B. Cuenot (CERFACS)
R. Vicquelin (CNRS, UPR 288, EM2C, Centrale-Supélec, U. Paris-Saclay)
E. Riber (CERFACS)
V. Moureau, G. Lartigue (CORIA, CNRS UMR6614, Normandie Université, Université et INSA de Rouen)
A. Figuer, Y. Mery (SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES)
J. Lamouroux, S. Richard (SAFRAN HELICOPTER ENGINES)
L.Gicquel (CERFACS)
T. Schmitt, S. Candel (CNRS, UPR 288, EM2C, Centrale-Supélec, U. Paris-Saclay)

Methodology for the Numerical Prediction of Pollutant Formation in Gas Turbine Combustors and Associated Validation Experiments

F. Dupoirieux, N. Bertier, C. Guin, L.-H. Dorey (ONERA)
K.P. Geigle, C. Eberle, P. Gerlinger (DLR)

Measuring Non-Volatile Particle Properties in the Exhaust of an Aircraft Engine

I. K. Ortega, D. Delhaye (ONERA)
F.-X. Ouf (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire)
D. Ferry (Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CINaM UMR 7325)
C. Focsa, C. Irimiea, Y. Carpentier, B. Chazallon (Laboratoire de Physique des
Lasers, Atomes et Molécules UMR CNRS 8523, Université de Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies)
P. Parent, C. Laffon (Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CINaM UMR 7325)
O. Penanhoat, N. Harivel (SNECMA/SAFRAN Group)
D. Gaffié, X. Vancassel (ONERA)

Investigation and Modeling of Combustion instabilities in Aero Engines

P. Gajan, F. Simon, M. Orain, V. Bodoc (ONERA)

Recent Improvements in Combustion Noise Investigation: from the Combustion Chamber to Nozzle Flow

M. Huet, F. Vuillot, N. Bertier (ONERA)
M. Mazur, N. Kings, W. Tao, P. Scouflaire, F. Richecoeur, S. Ducruix (Laboratoire EM2C, CNRS, Centrale Supélec, Université Paris-Saclay)
C. Lapeyre, T. Poinsot (Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse)

Experimental Investigations of a Low-Emission Combustor Designed for Mid Power Gas Turbines

G. K. Vedeshkin, E. D. Sverdlov, A. N. Dubovitsky (Central Institute of Aviation Motors)

New Combustion Concepts to Enhance the Thermodynamic Efficiency of Propulsion Engines

M. Bellenoue, B. Boust, P. Vidal, R. Zitoun - PPRIME (UPR3346 : CNRS-ENSMA-Université de Poitiers)
T. Gaillard, D. Davidenko (ONERA)
M. Leyko (SAFRAN Tech)
B. Le Naour (MBDA France)

Recent Advances in Research on Solid Rocket Propulsion

Y. Fabignon, J. Anthoine, D. Davidenko, R. Devillers, J. Dupays, D. Gueyffier,
J. Hijlkema, N. Lupoglazoff, J. M Lamet, L. Tessé, A. Guy, C. Erades (ONERA)

Hybrid Chemical Engines: Recent Advances from Sounding Rocket Propulsion and Vision for Spacecraft Propulsion

J-Y. Lestrade, J. Messineo, J. Hijlkema, P. Prévot, G. Casalis, J. Anthoine (ONERA)

A Rocket Engine under a Magnifying Glass

L. Vingert, G. Ordonneau, N. Fdida, P. Grenard (ONERA)

Numerical Simulation of Cryogenic Injection in Rocket Engine Combustion Chambers

P. Gaillard, C. Le Touze, L. Matuszewski, A. Murrone (ONERA)