The use of combustion for aerospace propulsion is inescapable for the long term. The improvement of the energetic efficiency, safety and reliability, and the compliance with increasingly stringent environmental rules require the enhancement of existing technologies and/or a breakthrough in propulsion devices. A vigorous research activity must be pursued in the field of combustion to meet these goals. This issue of AerospaceLab gives the reader an overview of this intense activity, ranging from experimental to theoretical and numerical work.